A Document-Based Question:
The Dynamism of Our Past

In his introduction to Immigrants--A Library of Congress Book (1995), James Billington, Librarian of Congress, states: "Our type of democracy has depended upon and grown with knowledge gained through books and all the other various records of human memory and imagination. By their very nature, these records foster freedom and dignity. They provide keys to the dynamism of our past and perhaps to our national competitiveness in the future. They link the record of yesterday with the possibilities of tomorrow."

The five documents we have studied record some aspects of the lives of the early twentieth-century Chinese immigrants in New York City. These archival and historical materials document the activities and strategies of these Chinese newcomers in their struggle against the prohibitive effects of the federal government's exclusion policies. They also record the effort and wisdom of this ethnic group in striving for their own rights.

Write an essay to discuss these questions:

  • What do you think of Billington's statement after studying the five documents?

  • Can your experience with the documents support Billington's argument?

  • In which sense do these records provide keys to the dynamism of our past and to our national competitiveness in the future?

Refer to all the documents. Look for evidence to show the "dynamism of our past." Find the things that can link our past to our present and future. Formulate your own argument before you start writing the answer.

In your first paragraph, you should clearly state your thesis or opinion. Your thesis should be supported by specific relevant evidence found in the given documents. You should carefully proofread to correct errors.


DOCUMENT 1

THE EARLY HISTORY OF CHINATOWN
From the WPA Federal Writers' Project NYC Unit Records

DOCUMENT 2

PHOTOGRAPH OF AN UNIDENTIFIED BUSINESSMAN
from Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler, The Chinese American Family Album, courtesy of Raymond L.

DOCUMENT 3

CHINESE LAUNDRY ASSOCIATIONS
from the WPA Federal Writers' Project NYC Unit Records

DOCUMENT 4

AN APPLICATION FOR A RETURN CERTIFICATE
from Chinese Exclusion Acts Case Files, Records in the Regional Archives of the National Archives and Records Administration

DOCUMENT 5

THE CHINESE WOMEN'S ASSOCIATION IN NEW YORK
from the WPA Federal Writers’ Project NYC Unit Records